Rubber Compounding (1)

Compounding (1)
In conventional rubbers such as natural rubber or the synthetic polyisoprenes, prenes, polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene (SBR) in contrast with plastic, it is unusual to apply the materials in the natural unadulterated state (except for a little colouring dyestuff or pigment ). It is nearly always essential to mix the phur, fatty acid, wax, zinc compounds and vulcanization accelerators. This mixing of the ingredients together with the raw rubber, or the plasticized rubber is called ‘compound’, and the final homogeneous mix is referred to as the ‘rubber compound’.
Compounding Recipes
In order to aid in the development of a rubber compound the various ingredients to be used are compiled into a ‘recipe’. Every recipe contains a number of components, each having a specific function either in the processing, shaping, vulcanization, or end use of the product.
In general, from the data given in the compounding recipes the following information can be obtained.
1) All the ingredients used are normally given in amount based on a total of 100 parts of the rubber or combinations of rubbers (or masterbatches) used. This notation is general listed as PHR (parts per hundred of rubber). Thus the effect of varying any ingredient used are easily recognized when the physical properties or processing characteristics are compared.
2) Although the function of each component is never indicated in industrial or laboratory recipes, it is apparent that many different materials with specific purposes are used in every recipe.
3) In many recipes, the materials are listed in the general order that they are mixed into the rubber during processing. This method aids compounder in setting up his mixing schedules for processing various compounds and for the preparation of special masterbatches which may be used in many different products.
Weighing and Measuring
The ingredients of the compound have to be weighed, before they are mixed with rubber. The quantities of weighed ingredients are be ordered in the compounding recipe.
Powders are being weighed by automatic scales equipped with pans of known weight. In large rubber factories, fully automatic devices feed the Banbury mixers. With such charging equipment, dust is avoided, as the entire operation is carried out in closed containers. This is a great advantage, especially in plants where carbon black are used.
In modern plants, volumetric measurements is used for liquids rather than weighing. Special pumps of the type used in gas stations meter out the desired quantity of liquid automatically.



New Words and Expressions
1. compounding 配料
2. conventional 常规的，惯例的
3. polyisoprene 聚异戊二烯
4. polybutadiene 聚丁二烯
5. styrene 苯乙烯
6. butadiene 丁二烯
7. SBR（styrene butadiene rubber） 丁苯烯
8. contrast 对比，对照
in contrast with (to) 和…形成对比，和…不大相同
9. unadulterated 纯粹的，不掺其他材料的
10. dvestuff 染料，（橡胶）着色剂
11. homogeneous 均匀的，均质的，均同的
12. recipe 处方，配方
13. aid 帮助，援助
帮助，辅助物，助剂
14. compile 编辑，编制，汇编
15. data 数据，资料，论据
16. information 情报，信息
17. normally 正常地，标准地
18. total 总的，全体的，完全的，绝对的
总数，总计、总额
19. combination 结合，联合，化合，结合体，并用
20. masterbatch 母炼胶
21. notation 标志，符号，写法
22. recognize 认识，辨认，承认
23. characteristic 特征，特性
24. laboratory 试验室
25. apparent 明显的，外观上的
It is apparent that… 很明显…
26. set up 建立，制定，提高，引起
27. schedule 程序表，列入计划
28. order 程序，指令，订货
命令，规定
29. powder 粉末，份料
30. scale 规模，比例，秤
31. equip 设备，装备
32. equipment 设备
33. pan 平底锅，盘子
34. device 装置 ,， 器具
35. feed 喂，供料
36. charge 装填，装载、委任，控告
责任、装置，充电，费用，指控
37. entire 全体的，整个的
38. volume 体积
volumetric 容积
39. measurement
40. liquid 液体
41. pump 泵
42. meter 量
meter out 称出